{"id":59535,"date":"2023-04-05T08:24:55","date_gmt":"2023-04-05T06:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/ako-sa-kon-alexandra-velkeho-bukefalos-stal-legendou\/"},"modified":"2023-04-05T08:24:55","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T06:24:55","slug":"ako-sa-kon-alexandra-velkeho-bukefalos-stal-legendou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/ako-sa-kon-alexandra-velkeho-bukefalos-stal-legendou\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako sa k\u00f4\u0148 Alexandra Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho, Bukefalos, stal legendou?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V hist\u00f3rii sa vyskytovali ve\u013ek\u00e9 kone, ktor\u00e9 z\u00edskali sl\u00e1vu a ovplyvnili beh dej\u00edn. Jedn\u00fdm z tak\u00fdch kon\u00ed bol <strong>Bukefalos, k\u00f4\u0148 maced\u00f3nskeho kr\u00e1\u013ea Alexandra Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho<\/strong>. Ich spolo\u010dn\u00e9 \u00faspechy a v\u00fdboje sp\u00f4sobili, \u017ee <strong>jeho meno je zn\u00e1me na celom svete<\/strong>. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm prvkom ich \u00faspechu bol v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fd vz\u0165ah, ktor\u00fd ich sp\u00e1jal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bukefalos bol vran\u00fd \u017erebec, ktor\u00fd platil za nedosiahnute\u013en\u00e9ho pre be\u017en\u00fdch jazdcov. Antick\u00e9 historick\u00e9 pramene uv\u00e1dzaj\u00fa, \u017ee <strong>Bukefalos patril k \u201enajlep\u0161iemu tes\u00e1lskemu plemenu&#8221;<\/strong>. Poch\u00e1dzal z gr\u00e9ckej krajiny Tes\u00e1lia, le\u017eiacej na juh od Maced\u00f3nie. Bol nesmierne kr\u00e1snym a siln\u00fdm ko\u0148om, ktor\u00fd p\u00fatal pozornos\u0165. Jeho meno poch\u00e1dza z gr\u00e9\u010dtiny a znamen\u00e1 \u201e<strong>b\u00fdkohlav\u00fd<\/strong>&#8220;. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee vzniklo od znamienka na lopatke v tvare b\u00fd\u010dej hlavy alebo od samotn\u00e9ho tvaru hlavy ko\u0148a. Pod\u013ea podan\u00ed bol zviera\u0165om nesmierne odv\u00e1\u017enym a inteligentn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00f4vodne mal tento k\u00f4\u0148 sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 Alexandrovmu otcovi, Filipovi II. Ten v\u0161ak odmietol pre <strong>divokos\u0165 a probl\u00e9my s jeho jazden\u00edm<\/strong>. Vtedy e\u0161te neplnolet\u00fd Alexander vyhl\u00e1sil, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee divok\u00e9ho ko\u0148a skroti\u0165. Jeho otec mu v\u0161ak postavil podmienku \u2013 ak sa mu to podar\u00ed, dostane zviera do daru, a ak nie, bude si ho musie\u0165 k\u00fapi\u0165 s\u00e1m. Alexander v st\u00e1vke zv\u00ed\u0165azil, ke\u010f si v\u0161imol, \u017ee sa k\u00f4\u0148 <strong>b\u00e1l svojho tie\u0148a<\/strong>. Vtedy ho oto\u010dil smerom k slnku a s \u013eahkos\u0165ou na\u0148 nasadol. Filip musel k\u00fapi\u0165 ko\u0148a za neuverite\u013en\u00fa cenu 13 talentov. Schopnos\u0165 pozorovania a zvl\u00e1dania n\u00e1ro\u010dnej situ\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 Alexander preuk\u00e1zal, up\u00fatali pozornos\u0165 kr\u00e1\u013ea Filipa, ktor\u00fd pochopil, \u017ee jeho syn m\u00e1 v sebe nezvy\u010dajn\u00fd potenci\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jedno z neskor\u0161\u00edch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed hovor\u00ed, \u017ee ke\u010f Alexander objednal jazdeck\u00fd portr\u00e9t u sl\u00e1vneho maliara Apella, kr\u00e1\u013e nevyjadril spokojnos\u0165 s v\u00fdsledkom. Vtedy sa maliar rozhodol privies\u0165 Bukefala do svojej dielne, a ke\u010f <strong>k\u00f4\u0148 uvidel svoj odraz, zaerd\u017eal od p\u00fdchy<\/strong>. Maliar vtedy povedal Alexandrovi: \u201eVid\u00ed\u0161, k\u00f4\u0148 sa vyzn\u00e1 v umen\u00ed ove\u013ea lep\u0161ie ne\u017e ty&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In\u00fd pr\u00edbeh hovor\u00ed o tom, \u017ee po\u010das \u00e1zijskej kampane <strong>bol Bukefalos unesen\u00fd<\/strong> zbojn\u00edkmi Mardov. Alexander, ktor\u00fd u\u017e predt\u00fdm bol podr\u00e1\u017eden\u00fd ich \u010dinmi, viedol proti nim trestn\u00fa exped\u00edciu. Po odovzdan\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, \u017ee ich zeme bud\u00fa zni\u010den\u00e9 a obyvatelia zabit\u00ed, <strong>bol Bukefalos poslan\u00fd sp\u00e4\u0165 s darmi a ospravedlnen\u00edm pre kme\u0148ov\u00fa star\u0161inu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bukefalos bol v\u017edy Alexandrov\u00fdm spolo\u010dn\u00edkom po\u010das vojnov\u00fdch kampan\u00ed. <\/strong>Po\u010das bitiek kopal a hr\u00fdzol nepriate\u013eov, bol nenahradite\u013en\u00fd pri dlhej jazde a takisto bez strachu vstupoval na ka\u017ed\u00fd ter\u00e9n spolu so svoj\u00edm majite\u013eom. Nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t zachr\u00e1nil aj \u017eivot Alexandra Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho. Bukefalos sa z\u00fa\u010dastnil okrem in\u00e9ho ve\u013ekej bitky pri T\u00e9bach, Chaironei, pri rieke Granikos, pri Gaugamel\u00e1ch a pri Ipse. Napriek ut\u0155\u017een\u00fdm zraneniam k\u00f4\u0148 v\u017edy uporne a hrdo zotrv\u00e1val pri Alexandrovi a bol pripraven\u00fd na \u010fal\u0161ie bitky. Alexander sa zase o svojho ko\u0148a staral s nezvy\u010dajnou starostlivos\u0165ou a \u00factou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u00f4\u0148 sa s n\u00edm dostal a\u017e do Indie, kde zomrel na n\u00e1sledky ut\u0155\u017een\u00fdch r\u00e1n v roku 326 pred Kr.<\/strong> pri rieke Hydaspes. Posledn\u00fdmi silami v\u0161ak doviezol svojho p\u00e1na na bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 miesto. Alexander pre\u0148 zorganizoval sl\u00e1vnostn\u00fd pohreb a osobne viedol sm\u00fato\u010dn\u00fd sprievod. Dal pre\u0148 dokonca vybudova\u0165 hrobku. <strong>Jedno z miest, ktor\u00e9 zalo\u017eil, nazval Bukefalia<\/strong>, \u010do je pravdepodobne dne\u0161n\u00e1 Phalia alebo D\u017eh\u00e9lam v pakistanskom Pand\u017e\u00e1be. Hovor\u00ed sa, \u017ee k\u00f4\u0148 sa do\u017eil veku 30 rokov, a samotn\u00fd Alexander III. Maced\u00f3nsky <strong>pre\u017eil svojho sl\u00e1vneho ko\u0148a iba o 3 roky.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bukefalos sa stal symbolom sily, odhodlania a jednoty,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 charakterizovali Maced\u00f3ncov pod veden\u00edm Alexandra. Kult Bukefala a Alexandra sa stal tak\u00fdm popul\u00e1rnym, \u017ee po nich sa od ka\u017ed\u00e9ho dobyvate\u013ea o\u010dak\u00e1valo, aby mal ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9ho ko\u0148a. J\u00falius Caesar mal jedn\u00e9ho, rovnako ako excentrick\u00fd r\u00edmsky cis\u00e1r Caligula, ktor\u00fd robil ve\u013ek\u00fd rozruch okolo svojho ko\u0148a Incitata, usporad\u00faval pre\u0148 narodeniny, jazdil na \u0148om v Alexandrovom brnen\u00ed a pl\u00e1noval urobi\u0165 ho konzulom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa Bukefalos stal symbolom vern\u00e9ho ko\u0148a a synonymom vzpurn\u00e9ho ko\u0148a <\/strong>\u2013 tzv. \u201eohniv\u00e9ho t\u00e1to\u0161a&#8221;. Je jedn\u00fdm z najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edch kon\u00ed v hist\u00f3rii a s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 masov\u00e1 kult\u00fara \u010dasto spom\u00edna tohto v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017erebca. <strong>Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00ed panovn\u00edk v hist\u00f3rii \u2013 Alexander Maced\u00f3nsky, zvan\u00fd Ve\u013ek\u00fd, musel ma\u0165 najlep\u0161ieho ko\u0148a a bol n\u00edm pr\u00e1ve Bukefalos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V nov\u0161\u00edch dielach kult\u00fary je Bukefalos menom ko\u0148a Reynarta de Bois-Fresnes \u2013 fikt\u00edvnej postavy zo s\u00e1gy o zakl\u00edna\u010dovi, v ktorej je tituln\u00fdm hrdinom Geralt z Rivie. Bukefalos je takisto ko\u0148om cis\u00e1ra Morey v rom\u00e1novej s\u00e9rii Syn zradcu kanadsk\u00e9ho spisovate\u013ea Milesa Camerona. Toto meno nos\u00ed aj t\u00e1to\u0161 Ozymandiasa zo seri\u00e1lu Watchmen, ako aj k\u00f4\u0148 tituln\u00e9ho hrdinu z filmu Dobrodru\u017estv\u00e1 bar\u00f3na Pr\u00e1\u0161ila. Objavuje sa takisto v dobrodru\u017enej hre \u201eBroken Sword: The Shadow of the Templars&#8221; z roku 1996, jedna z post\u00e1v sa odvol\u00e1va na pretek\u00e1rskeho ko\u0148a, o ktorom \u010d\u00edta v novin\u00e1ch, ako o \u201eznovuzrodenom Bukefalovi&#8221;. Symbolick\u00fd n\u00e1zov \u201eBukefalos&#8221; nos\u00ed aj ukrajinsk\u00fd kolesov\u00fd obrnen\u00fd transport\u00e9r typu BTR-4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spoznajte fascinuj\u00faci pr\u00edbeh Bukefala, vern\u00e9ho ko\u0148a Alexandra Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34376,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3793],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-jazdecke-discipliny"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/balotade.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/kon-bucefal.jpg?fit=800%2C400&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59535","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59535"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59535\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/balotade.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}